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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa You've probably heard that different types produce different flavors. Find out more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa. Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica which is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a tangier, more tart flavor and are frequently used in blends of beans to give them added depth. Arabica Arabica coffee beans make up 75% of all global production. Arabica beans are more mild and sweeter than Robusta, and they come in different flavour profiles. The flavor and aroma of coffee is affected by the conditions in the conditions it is grown and the processing methods employed. The word “coffee” originates from the Arabic word that means berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that sprout within bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were invigorated by eating these fruits. The cultivation of coffee grew quickly all over the world. Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes, and are able to thrive when exposed to cool temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the main reasons why Arabica is considered to be the best tasting coffee. Many specialty coffee roasters and shops focus on finding their arabica beans in a sustainable manner, by emphasizing fair wages for farmers as well as sustainable growing practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique coffees, which can be used in a variety of brewing methods. Blending allows for control over the flavour, aroma and body as well as the acidity of the coffee. It is often preferred in order to create an even and consistent taste that appeals to a wider market. Robusta Robusta beans are the second most coveted type of coffee bean around the world. They have a higher caffeine content per bean than Arabica, and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors. The plant itself is more resilient than arabica, able to grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a more economically viable crop to cultivate. While it may seem counterintuitive the fact is that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended to create coffee blends. If you've noticed the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya on a bag of coffee and you can be sure that there's a bit of robusta as well. Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, most do mix both varieties to lower costs and maintain quality. To ensure the quality of the flavor, it's important to select a high-quality bean from a source that you can trust. This can be done by purchasing your beans directly from the farmer. Liberica Liberica beans are more or less football shaped, which makes them distinct from other coffee bean types. They have a distinctive aroma that is fruity and floral with subtle smoky undertones. They are added to other types of coffee beans to provide them with a more rich, more robust taste. Liberica coffee beans can be found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They are tolerant of hot, humid climates and are able to grow at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta. These characteristics make them ideal for growing at home. It is possible to purchase the seeds on the internet from several sources, however it's recommended to purchase locally-owned producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions to grow Liberica coffee are fertile, deep volcano soils with a pH that is moderately acidic as well as sufficient annual rainfall. Excelsa is a different kind of coffee bean. It was originally classified as a distinct species, but has since been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans with an oval shape grow on large coffee plants that reach 20 to 30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. Their unique flavor is tart and sour, making them a popular choice for blends that are house-made. They are also less pronounced in scent and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta and Robusta, yet they have a distinct taste. Excelsa Although they're the fourth most popular kind of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't as readily available as Arabica or Robusta. They were considered to be distinct species of coffee up until 2006, when they were classified as a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the world's production of coffee. These coffee beans are shaped in the shape of a teardrop and have a dark, mysterious taste. the coffee bean shop Coffeee are commonly used to give blends extra body and a rich, tart taste of ripened fruits. Arabica beans are the most sought-after, and are known for having an apricot-like flavor. They grow best at high altitudes and have warm, tropical climates. They also have a touch of acidity. If properly brewed and roasted they may impart notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit. Robusta is the second most-loved coffee worldwide, and is responsible for 40% of all coffee consumed around the world. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder but they have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have earthy and woody undertones. After you've learned about the four most common types of coffee beans you can now choose your perfect brew. If you prefer a smooth and delicate flavor opt for an arabica or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.